Pope Leo XIII, who served from 1878 to 1903, led the church into the modern world, emphasizing its moral authority beyond national boundaries. He defended the rights of working people and affirmed the value of science.
Harvard could choose to either keep fighting or seek a deal with the administration. Its leaders are starting to realize that any path will very likely change the identity of the school.
Pope Leo XIV has said little publicly about a place in the Catholic Church for gay and transgender people. Some thought the issue would not be key to his agenda.